What Kids Can Learn from Scientists' Struggles
Plus 14 books that bring these struggles to life
A few years ago, I came across some fascinating research about teens and science.
“What kind of people can become scientists?” A group of researchers posed that question to ninth- and 10th-graders in New York City. Almost every student gave empowering responses, such as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.”
But despite these beliefs, many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as:
“I’m not good at science”
“Even if I work hard, I will not do well.”
So what helped change their mindset? The study — out of Teachers College, Columbia University — found that teens who read about the personal and intellectual struggles of scientists feel more motivated to learn science.
Why? Students often view scientific ability as a fixed trait — something you are born with that can’t be changed. Either you have it or you don’t.
But when students learned about how even famous scientists struggled? Well, then they began to see that challenges are simply part of what it meant to be a scientist.
The effect was especially pronounced for lower-performing students, for whom “exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories.” In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists.
You can read more about this study in an article I wrote for MindShift back in 2016. After I wrote it, I put together a list of books about scientists that highlight their struggles along with their successes. This list includes picture books, graphic novels, and books with multiple biographical sketches. What would you add to the list?
Cheers,
Deborah
14 Books That Connect Students With Valuable Scientists' Struggles
Ada Byron Lovelace and The Thinking Machine, by Laurie Wallmark and April Chu
Ada Byron Lovelace was the world’s first computer programmer, creating a coding algorithm years before the modern computer was invented. This picture book biography describes how measles left her temporarily blind and paralyzed and how she overcame society’s negative attitudes towards women in the sciences.
Rachel Carson and Her Book That Changed the World, by Laurie Lawler and Laura Beingessner
Rachel Carson’s writing and research helped launch the modern environmental movement. This picture book shares her struggles growing up in poverty during the Great Depression, the sacrifices her family made to send her to college, and the challenges she faced entering a male-dominated field.
On a Beam of Light, by Jennifer Berne and Vladimir Radunsky
Through simple text and stunning illustrations, this book explores Albert Einstein’s early struggles with learning and school – and how they propelled his later accomplishments. The New York Times described this book as "something of an It Gets Better Project for mathematically precocious children."
Snowflake Bentley, by Jacqueline Briggs Martin and Mary Azarian.
Wilson Bentley was a nature photographer who showed the world that “no two snowflakes are alike.” This picture book describes his unstoppable grit in pursuit of his dream and includes sidebars with more information about the methods and science behind his work.
The Tree Lady: The True Story of How One Tree-Loving Woman Changed a City Forever, by H. Joseph Hopkins and Jill McElmurry.
Botanist Kate Sessions, the first woman to graduate from the University of California with a science degree, is best known for transforming San Diego from a desert town to a green paradise. The picture book describes obstacles and social taboos that she faced and overcame, utilizing the refrain: “but she did.”
Summer Birds: The Butterflies of Maria Merian, by Margarita Engle and Julie Paschkis.
In seventeenth-century Europe -- when many thought butterflies were evil creatures that generated spontaneously from mud --entomologist Maria Merian made her mission to study them. After years of study, she wrote and illustrated a groundbreaking book about the life-cycle of a butterfly. This picture book describes how she conducted much of her work in secret because of the negative perceptions around this insect.
Life in the Ocean: The Story of Oceanographer Sylvia Earle, by Claire A. Nivola.
This beautifully illustrated picture book describes how a difficult move to a new state during her childhood awakened a life-long passion. The author’s note would also make a good read for teens, describing her scientific work in more depth and how she “defied conventional expectations at every stage of her life.”
8. My Brief History, by Stephen Hawking.
At 144 pages, this brief memoir is broken into several small chapters in which theoretical physicist and cosmologist Stephen Hawking writes about his childhood, his research and – of course – his life with ALS, which gradually paralyzed him over the course of decades and required him to develop compensatory methods for engaging in his research. Teachers could use or read aloud excerpts of this compelling autobiography.
Feynman, by Jim Ottaviani and Leland Myrick.
Written for teens, this graphic novel vividly portrays the life of the vivacious physicist Richard Feynman. It captures his tenacity in the face of trying circumstances -- from working on the Manhattan project to uncovering the cause of the Challenger explosion to caring for his ailing wife.
Primates: The Fearless Science of Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Biruté Galdikas, by Jim Ottaviani and Maris Wicks.
This is another graphic novel for teens, tracing the lives of three primatologists who were students of Richard Leakey and who lived among the primates. As the Booklist review notes, “For all the playful mugging and gratifying discoveries, though, Ottaviani doesn’t shy away from the struggles of living and working in the bush.”
Breakthrough! How Three People Saved “Blue Babies” and Changed Medicine Forever, by Jim Murphy.
Knapp describes this short nonfiction narrative as a “wonderfully written story of a black man, a white man, and a woman, who all struggled in different ways (personally and professionally) to pioneer a surgery that saved the lives of ‘blue babies.’”
What Color is My World? The Lost History of African-American Inventors, by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Raymond Obstfeld.
This collection features several short life-sketches of African-American inventors – from Henry Sampson (who created the gamma-electric cell) to Percy Julian (who synthesized cortisone from soy). The stories emphasize the perseverance of these inventors in the face of racism and other life challenges.
Headstrong: 52 Women Who Changed Science - and the World, by Rachel Swaby.
These short biographical sketches average four pages in length – an easy read aloud – and highlight female scientists in the following fields: medicine, biology, and the environment, genetics and development, physics, earth and stars, math and technology, and invention. Several stories note the obstacles they faced, including gender bias, illness, and family disapproval.
Brilliant Blunders: From Darwin to Einstein - Colossal Mistakes by Great Scientists That Changed Our Understanding of Life and the Universe, by Mario Livio.
In this 300+ page book, astrophysicist Mario Livio draws on the lives of five scientists (Charles Darwin, Lord Kelvin, Linus Pauling, Fred Hoyle, and Albert Einstein) to show how great progress often comes in the wake of “colossal mistakes.”
Your dad would be proud of you!
Thank you for sharing this. I wish this trait was something the teachers talked about and supported in k-12 science classes. If that happened, I think more students would go into science!